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"Long COVID" is a sustained symptom following infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). According to recent statistics, at least 65 million people have long COVID, which poses a long-term threat to human health. The pathogenic mechanisms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are complex and affect multiple organs and systems. Common symptoms include palpitations, breathing difficulties, attention and memory deficits, fatigue, anxiety, and depression. It is difficult to achieve satisfactory treatment effect with a single intervention. Currently, treatment strategies for long COVID are still in the exploratory stage, and there is an urgent need to find appropriate and effective methods for long COVID treatment. Traditional Chinese medicine is effective in treating the various phases of COVID-19. Previous studies have shown that acupoint stimulation therapy is effective in improving palpitations, dyspnea, cognitive impairment, anxiety, depression, and other symptoms in patients. According to previous studies, acupoint stimulation may improve various symptoms related to long COVID. This paper discusses the potential application value of acupoint stimulation in the treatment of long COVID-related symptoms, based on the common sequelae of various systems involved in long COVID, and the effect of acupoint stimulation in the treatment of similar symptoms and diseases in recent years.
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During the novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) pandemic from 2020 to 2021, lung transplantation entered a new stage of development worldwide. Globally, more than 70 000 cases of lung transplantation have been reported to the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation (ISHLT). With the development of medical techniques over time, the characteristics of lung transplant donors and recipients and the indications of pediatric lung transplantation recipients have undergone significant changes. Application of lung transplantation in the treatment of COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has also captivated worldwide attention. Along with persistent development of lung transplantation, it will be integrated with more novel techniques to make breakthroughs in the fields of artificial lung and xenotransplantation. In this article, research progresses on the characteristics of lung transplant donors and recipients around the world were reviewed and the development trend was predicted, enabling patients with end-stage lung disease to obtain more benefits from the development of lung transplantation technique.Copyright © 2022 Organ Transplantation. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Lung transplantation has been advanced for nearly half a century around the globe, and it has been developed rapidly for over 20 years in China. The field of lung transplantation in China has been gradually integrated into the international community. The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) in 2020 brought big challenges, as well as diverted the worldwide attention to the development of lung transplantation in China, accelerating international communication and cooperation. With the steadily deepening of clinical and basic research on lung transplantation for severe cases of COVID-19, organ transplant physicians have deepened the understanding and thinking of the maintenance of donors, selection of elderly and pediatric candidates, and perioperative management of recipients, as the future perspective of lung transplantation in China. For interdisciplinary research related to lung transplantation, it is necessary to carry out multi-center clinical trials with qualified study design and constantly promote the theoretic and practical innovation.Copyright © 2021 The authors.
ABSTRACT
Renal transplantation is the optimal approach to improve the quality of life and restore normal life for patients with end-stage renal diseases. With the development of medical techniques and immunosuppressants, the short-term survival of renal graft has been significantly prolonged, whereas the long-term survival remains to be urgently solved. Renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), acute rejection, chronic renal allograft dysfunction, renal fibrosis and other factors are still the major problems affecting the survival of renal graft. Relevant researches have always been hot spots in the field of renal transplantation. Meantime, 2020 is an extraordinary year. The novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) pandemic severely affects the development of all walks of life. Researches related to renal transplantation have also sprung up. In this article, the frontier hotspots of clinical and basic studies related to renal transplantation and the COVID-19 related researches in the field of renal transplantation in China were reviewed, aiming to provide novel therapeutic ideas and strategies.Copyright © 2021 Journal of Zhongshan University. All Rights Reserved.
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Objective At present, the novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) pandemic is still raging in certain regions around the globe, and the prevention and control of the pandemic should be strengthened. Under the challenges of respective social environment and allocation of medical resources, and support from the inertia and inherent productivity of the system on which the industry depends, extensive attempts are being delivered to push forward the work of organ donation and transplantation in each country. Under the guidance of national experts and committee members, Shanxi Provincial Human Organ Procurement and Allocation Service Center was established on August 28, 2018 approved by the former Shanxi Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission. It is the only independent non-profit medical institution in Shanxi Province. In this article, the system construction of citizen's organ donation and transplantation fitting national and provincial conditions was further explored according to the data analysis of organ donation and transplantation in the United States and Spain during the COVID-19 pandemic combined with the implementation of organ donation work in Shanxi Provincial Human Organ Procurement and Allocation Service Center.Copyright © 2021 The authors.
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Vaccination uptake has become the key factor that will determine our success in containing the coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) pandemic. Efficient distribution of vaccines to inoculation spots is crucial to curtailing the spread of the novel COVID-19 pandemic. Normally, in a big city, a huge number of vaccines need to be transported from central depot(s) through a set of satellites to widely scattered inoculation spots by special-purpose vehicles every day. Such a large two-echelon vehicle routing problem is computationally difficult. Moreover, the demands for vaccines evolve with the epidemic spread over time, and the actual demands are hard to determine early and exactly, which not only increases the problem difficulty but also prolongs the distribution time. Based on our practical experience of COVID-19 vaccine distribution in China, we present a hybrid machine learning and evolutionary computation method, which first uses a fuzzy deep learning model to forecast the demands for vaccines for each next day, such that we can predistribute the forecasted number of vaccines to the satellites in advance;after obtaining the actual demands, it uses an evolutionary algorithm (EA) to route vehicles to distribute vaccines from the satellites/depots to the inoculation spots on each day. The EA saves historical problem instances and their high-quality solutions in a knowledge base, so as to capture inherent relationship between evolving problem inputs to solutions;when solving a new problem instance on each day, the EA utilizes historical solutions that perform well on the similar instances to improve initial solution quality and, hence, accelerate convergence. Computational results on real-world instances of vaccine distribution demonstrate that the proposed method can produce solutions with significantly shorter distribution time compared to state-of-the-arts and, hence, contribute to accelerating the achievement of herd immunity.
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A 50-year-old male patient with agitated depression and hyperlipemia received oral amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium 0.5 g once daily and 2 lopinavir and ritonavir tablets twice daily for novel coronavirus infection, based on previous drugs including quetiapine, clonazepam, and atorvastatin calcium. After 3 days, lopinavir and ritonavir was changed to oral arbidol 200 mg, thrice daily due to suspicious drug interaction. After taking arbidol for 3 days, the patient developed red papules on the whole body. Considering that it might be related to amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium, the drug was stopped and loratadine was given. But the rashes were aggravated. Considering that the drug eruption was caused by arbidol, arbidol was discontinued and the rashes subsided in a large area the next day. Then vitamin C injection, calcium gluconate injection, and ribavirin were added. After 5 days, the rashes subsided completely. After 17 days, the patient recovered from pneumonia.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.
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The novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), which was isolated in January 2020, emerged as a result of natural evolution and has already infected millions of people around the world due to its extensive human-to-human transmission capacity. Highlighting the clinical manifestations, pathology and immune response against the SARS-CoV-2 infection process, this review study was con-ducted through a comprehensive bibliographic search of academic papers that are available online at the following databases Science Direct, Pub Med, ACS Publications, Nature, BioRxiv and Me-dRxiv. According to the analyzed works, people infected with SARS-CoV-2 may display fever and dry cough as the main clinical symptoms and they may also present breathing difficulty, muscle pain (myalgia), chills, lack of appetite, fatigue, sore throat, altered consciousness, diarrhea, vomit-ing, nasal discharge and syncope. When considering the immune status of patients with COVID-19, it is highlighted that hypercytokinemia contributes to the severity that can even result in death. Lymphopenia is the most frequent prognosis described in cases of COVID-19. Thus, a de-tailed understanding of the specific inflammatory pathways that result in the pathology of COVID-19 is crucial for the immediate development of clinical therapeutic approaches.Copyright © 2021 Bentham Science Publishers.
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Since the epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia broke out, diagnostic imaging was providing valuable radiological support for disease diagnosis and progress evaluation. Radiological staff, especially radiographers were staying at the front line of epidemic prevention and control. They were facing the patients directly with dual responsibility and pressure of infection control and radiation protection. A number of relevant professional experts established the consensus which clarified three parts of detailed implementing rules including infection control and protection of the radiological staff, disinfection of diagnostic radiology equipment and place, as well as radiological protection. The aim was to further standardize the clinical procedures of radiological staff, reduce the infection risk and the radiation risk of medical staff and patients.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.
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Since December 2019, the novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2) infection has broken out worldwide, causing enormous social and economic burdens. Sudden exacerbations in SARS - CoV -2 infected people may be caused by infection - related cytokine storms. The basic state of the body and the strength of the immune response determine the prognosis of SARS-CoV-2. The interaction between proinflammatory factors and anti - inflammatory factors, and continued proinflammatory response cause lung edema, exudation, progression to acute respiratory distress syndrome involving the lung tissues and organs, multi - organ failure, and even death. The efficacy of antiviral therapy alone for immune complications like cytokine storm during viral infection is not ideal, and the targeted therapy of cytokines has become a potentially popular therapeutic strategy. Early identification and appropriate treatment of immune complications contribute to reduce the morbidity and mortality of severe viral infections.Copyright © 2021 Heilongjiang Institute of Science and Technology Information. All rights reserved.
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Background: The widespread of novel coronavirus is a global concern. With each passing day, the novel coronavirus is making its new borders. Research has revealed that the virus produced in bats and was transmitted to humans firstly in Wuhan, Hubei province of China in December 2019. The contagion has been significantly acting as a vulnerable threat to the copious world. Objective(s): The purpose of this review is to provide the valuable and detailed information about the his-torical background, origin, classification, morphology, transmission pattern, symptoms, treatment pa-rameters, number of cases as well as the preventive measures of the corona-virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Method(s): The disease is transmitted to people by inhalation or close contact of infected droplets. To split the sequential chain of this contagious disease, we need to know about its symptoms, ways of transmission, preventive measures and safety guidelines. Result(s): The widespread of COVID-19 is a global concern. The morbidity rate due to COVID-19 is in-creasing regularly. As for now, there is no specific cure, vaccine and treatment;the lives can be saved only by following the preventive measures and safety guidelines. Conclusion(s): Several clinical trials are in progress for the development of a suitable vaccine to combat this disease. This review shall be helpful in providing detailed information regarding the novel coronavi-rus so that the sequences of such infection can be reduced.Copyright © 2021 Bentham Science Publishers.
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The outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia(COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei, China in December 2019 has spread to all parts of the country. Epidemiology showed that the population is generally susceptible to the virus, and the number of infected children and adolescents has been increasing. Children and adolescents with chronic heart failure have poor physical fitness, and there are great challenges to the diagnosis and treatment for these patients with 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) infection. Based on the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in children and the key points of management of chronic heart failure in children and adolescents, we suggested the clinical management recommendations for 2019-nCoV infection in children and adolescents with chronic heart failure.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.
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The outbreak of novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) has become the most severe public health issue at the moment, threatening people's lives. Pediatricians in Shanghai have recently launched a discussion on the focused questions of NCP, including the incidence situation, epidemiological features, essentials of early screening, treatment and nosocomial infection prevention of children's novel coronavirus infection (2019-nCoV), and further put forward the experts proposal upon the patterns of disease occurrence, development, diagnosis and control, for the reference of frontline pediatricians.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.
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Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (NCP) is a class B infectious disease, which is prevented and controlled according to class A infectious diseases. Recently, children's NCP cases have gradually increased, and children's fever outpatient department has become the first strategic pass to stop the epidemic.Strengthening the management of the fever diagnosis process is very important for early detection of suspected children, early isolation, early treatment and prevention of cross-infection. This article proposes prevention and control strategies for fever diagnosis, optimizes processes, prevents cross-infection, health protection and disinfection of medical staff, based on the relevant diagnosis, treatment, prevention and control programs of the National Health and Health Commission and on the diagnosis and treatment experience of experts in various provinces and cities. The present guidance summarizes current strategies on pre-diagnosis;triage, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of 2019-nCoV infection in common fever, suspected and confirmed children, which provide practical suggestions on strengthening the management processes of children's fever in outpatient department during the novel coronavirus pneumonia epidemic period.Copyright © 2020 by the Chinese Medical Association.
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Backgroud: The outbreak of COVID-19 has brought unprecedented perils to human health and raised public health concerns in more than two hundred countries. Safe and effective treatment scheme is needed urgently. Objective(s): To evaluate the effects of integratedTCM and western medicine treatment scheme on COVID-19. Method(s): A single-armed clinical trial was carried out in Hangzhou Xixi Hospital, an affiliated hospital with Zhejiang Chinese Medical University. 102 confirmed cases were screened out from 725 suspected cases and 93 of them were treated with integrated TCM and western medicine treatment scheme. Result(s): 83 cases were cured, 5 cases deteriorated, and 5 cases withdrew from the study. No deaths were reported. The mean relief time of fever, cough, diarrhea, and fatigue were (4.78 +/- 4.61) days, (7.22 +/- 4.99) days, (5.28 +/- 3.39) days, and (5.28 +/- 3.39) days, respectively. It took (14.84 +/- 5.50) days for SARS-CoV-2 by nucleic acid amplification-based testing to turn negative. Multivariable cox regression analysis revealed that age, BMI, PISCT, BPC, AST, CK, BS, and UPRO were independent risk factors for COVID-19 treatment. Conclusion(s): Our study suggested that integrated TCM and western medicine treatment scheme was effective for COVID-19.Copyright © 2021
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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the management mode for the prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission used at a general hospital in Shenzhen, China, with the aim to maintain the normal operation of the hospital. METHODS: From January 2, 2020, to April 23, 2020, Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, a tertiary hospital in Shenzhen, has operated a special response protocol named comprehensive pandemic prevention and control model, which mainly includes 6 aspects: (1) human resource management; (2) equipment management; (3) logistics management; (4) cleaning, disinfection, and process reengineering; (5) environment layout; (6) and training and assessment. The detail of every aspect was described, and its efficiency was evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 198,802 patients were received. Of those, 10,821 were hospitalized; 26,767 were received by the emergency department and fever clinics; 288 patients were admitted for observation with fever; and 324 were admitted as suspected cases for isolation. Under the protocol of comprehensive pandemic prevention and control model, no case of hospital-acquired infection with COVID-19 occurred among the inpatients or staff. CONCLUSION: The present comprehensive response model may be useful in large public health emergencies to ensure appropriate management and protect the health and life of individuals.
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Objective: To explore the anxiety and depression status and related factors of different populations in the area with low incidence of New Coronavirus pneumonia. Methods: The anxiety and depression of 106 residents of different ages, different places of residence and different epidemic situations in Xingtai City, Hebei Province, China were assessed from February 18, 2020 to February 20, 2020. The psychological status of different groups was evaluated by self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), and the questionnaire data were analyzed retrospectively. The general data of all residents were collected, and the factors affecting the mental health status of different populations were studied by multiple linear regression with the scores of depression and anxiety as dependent variables. Result: The SAS and SDS scores of anxiety and depression were (51.79±12.11) and (57.01±11.40) respectively. The positive rates of anxiety and depression were 38.68% and 47.17%, respectively. The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that marital status, close attention to the daily epidemic progress, and having infected and sick relatives and friends were independent risk factors affecting residents' SAS score (P<0.05). Additionally, marital status, health self-assessment and close attention to the daily epidemic progress every day were independent risk factors affecting residents' SDS score (P<0.05). Conclusion: Residents in low-incidence areas are prone to anxiety and depression. Marital status, health self-assessment, paying attention to the progress of the epidemic every day and monitoring the disease progress in relatives and friends are independent risk factors contributing to the anxiety and depression of the residents. Corresponding protective measures should be taken to improve the local epidemic prevention and control level.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the accuracy of ultrasonic diagnosis using the tele-ultrasound robot in Leishen Shan Hospital. METHOD: Twenty-two patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia from Leishen Shan Hospital voluntarily participated in this study. Their thyroids, neck vessels, hepatobiliaries and kidneys were scanned by both tele-ultrasound robot manufactured by Imabot Co., Ltd, Wuhan and conventional method. The ultrasound diagnosis of each patient was compared, and the ultrasound images obtained by the two methods were mixed together and double-blindly diagnosed by an experienced ultrasound radiologist. RESULTS: There were 44 positive lesions in 110 sites of 22 patients. Of which the two methods, 40 positive lesions were detected by the robotic method with 4 lesions missed (2 small polyps of gallbladder, 1 small hemangioma of liver and 1 small cyst of kidney) and 1 lesion misdiagnosed (normal carotid artery was misdiagnosed as carotid atherosclerotic plaque); 44 positive lesions were detected by conventional method with 1 small cyst of the liver was missed. There was no statistically significant difference in the accuracy rate between the robotic method and the conventional method using the chi-square test of the four-grid data (P>.05). CONCLUSION: The application of tele-ultrasound robot meets the standard of patient care during the pandemic. The method is feasible to provide adequate ultrasound information to diagnose common abdominal, vascular, superficial organ pathologies in patients with COVID-19 with acceptable accuracy compared with a conventional ultrasound scan.
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Introduction: Based on event system theory, this study analyzed the influence of the event strength of major public health outside the organization on work connectivity behavior. Methods: The study collected data from 532 employees on their psychological status and working style during the COVID-19 pandemic through an online questionnaire survey. Results: The results show that driven by financial risk perception, female employees are more willing to pay work connectivity behavior than male employees and unmarried employees are more willing to pay work connectivity behavior than married employees. The risk perception of employees aged 28-33 has the greatest impact on workplace behavior. The impact of financial risk perception on behavior of employees without children is much higher than that of employees with children. The influence of financial risk perception and social risk perception on their behavior of employees with master's degree is much higher than that of health risk perception, but the workplace behavior of employees with doctor's degree is mainly affected by health risk perception. Discussion: The novelty of the Corona Virus Disease event has a negative influence on work connectivity duration. The criticality, disruption of the Corona Virus Disease event has a positive influence on work connectivity duration. The criticality of the Corona Virus Disease event has a positive influence on work connectivity frequency. Employees' social risk perception, financial risk perception and health risk perception has a positive influence on the work connectivity duration and work connectivity frequency.
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This paper collects real-time epidemic data released by the World Health Organization and various Internet authorities, predict the development of the epidemic through the classical model (SIR model) in the field of communication disease, bring historical data into the model, verify the parameters of the model and establish a new model, compare multiple sets of data, obtain the system that is closest to the real data, and speculate on the development direction and turning point of the subsequent NEW CROWN epidemic. The use of scientific and technical means to reason and analyze the overall situation of the new crown epidemic situation provides a solid backing for the prevention and control of the epidemic. © 2022 IEEE.